人工魚礁構建對海洋生態系統服務價值的影響——以深圳楊梅坑人工魚礁區為例

【作者】 秦傳新； 陳丕茂； 賈曉平；【Author】 QIN Chuan-xin1,2,CHEN Pi-mao1,2,JIA Xiao-ping1,2(1South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Science,Guangzhou 510300,China;2Ministry of Agriculture Key Field Scientific Experimental Station of South China Sea Fishery Resources and Environment,Guangzhou 510300,China).

【機構】 中國水產科學研究院南海水產研究所； 農業部南海漁業資源環境重點野外科學觀測試驗站；

【摘要】 基于深圳楊梅坑人工魚礁區2008年的研究和統計數據,采用生態系統服務價值方法,系統分析了楊梅坑人工魚礁建設對海洋生態系統的影響.結果表明:與深圳附近海域相比,楊梅坑人工魚礁構建后旅游娛樂服務價值所占比例由87%降至42%,食品供給服務價值所占比例由7%升至27%,原材料供給、氣候調節、空氣質量調節、水質凈化調節、有害生物和疾病的生物調節與控制、知識擴展服務價值所占比例少許提高;2008年,深圳楊梅坑人工魚礁區單位面積服務價值為1714.7萬元.km-2,遠高于深圳市近海海洋生態系統的平均值和全球近海生態系統的平均值.人工魚礁生態系統影響并改變了區域海洋生態系統服務價值結構,提高了區域生態系統服務價值,對于合理開發與利用海洋資源、修復受損的海洋生態環境和漁業資源有著重要意義.利用生態系統服務價值方法對人工魚礁構建區進行評價,可以更好地反映人工魚礁構建效益,能有效促進我國人工魚礁建設的發展、提高海洋生態系統管理水平.

【Abstract】 Based on the researches and statistic data of Yangmeikeng artificial reef region in Shenzhen in 2008 and by the method of ecosystem services value,this paper analyzed the effects of artificial reef construction in the region on the marine ecosystem services.After the artificial reef construction,the tourism service value in the region decreased from 87% to 42%,food supply service value increased from 7% to 27%,and the services value of raw material supply,climatic regulation,air quality regulation,water quality regulation,harmful organism and disease regulation,and knowledge expansion had a slight increase,as compared to the surrounding coastal areas.The total services value per unit area of Yangmeikeng artificial reef region in 2008 was 1714.7×104 yuan·km-2,far higher than the mean services value of coastal marine ecosystem in the surrounding areas of Shenzhen and in the world.Artificial reef construction affected and altered the structure of regional marine ecosystem services value,and improved the regional ecosystem services value,being of significance for the rational exploitation and utilization of marine resources and the successful recovery of damaged marine eco-environment and fish resources.Utilizing the method of ecosystem services value to evaluate artificial reef construction region could better elucidate the benefits of artificial reef construction,effectively promote the development of our artificial reef construction,and improve the management of marine ecosystem. 還原